Definition Essay - 900 Words

Michael Pastrano Melinda Zepeda English 1301 November 26, 2012 Definition Essay Draft Living, the feeling of just having air in your lungs and blood pumping through your veins. Not only does living define a human being it also can resemble nature. I think living can have many different definitions, such as having a very good day or the best time of your life, enjoying the little things. When were talking about living I’m not talking about something from the movie the Hangover or anything were they do crazy stuff and say they are living, I believe it can also be something very simple and still be the best day ever. Depending on how you want to use the word is totally up to you and your thoughts. Living resembles nature in many†¦show more content†¦To me now living is coming home from work and seeing my daughter everyday is living. She gets older everyday and I realize how beautiful she is that to me is living life to the fullest. 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Teens Go Gaga over Vampires - 3809 Words

Teens Go Gaga Over Vampires: Its Causes and Effects Abstract This article will identify and discuss the reasons why teenagers are obsessed with vampires and what effects does it have on them. Study shows that this obsession has a great impact on both the teenager as an individual and to the people who surround her. The researcher studied and investigated the topic by finding different articles, essays, data and surveys from different sources in the Internet, as well as reading some vampire novels herself. The survey conducted by the researcher was among teenagers aged 14 to 16 who are Filipinos. All the research done about what cause this obsession came to one particular conclusion. Teens are obsessed and are addicted with†¦show more content†¦After a year, the most famous Vampire Chronicles by Anne Rice changed the whole concept of vampires. Vampire Chronicles featured vampires who are romantic and are the opposite of how they were first introduced (Laming, n.d.). In the year 2005, Stephenie Meyer published the phenomenal Twilight, t he first book to the epic series that gave birth to billions of vampire-addicted teens and tweens in the 21st century. It all started when Meyer dreamt of a scene in 2003 wherein a handsome young vampire was talking to an ordinary human girl. After having this dream, she decided to make a story out of it. After many sleepless nights and countless instances where she wanted to give up, she still continued on working. And all that work finally paid off when that dream finally became Twilight. Twilight is about a story of two individuals who fell in love with each other. The difference it makes from other love stories is that Twilight is a love story between a human and a vampire, specifically Edward Cullen and Bella Swan. Bella Swan was just an ordinary girl, but to Edward Cullen, she was the most exquisite thing he has ever seen in his 104 years of existence. He treated her better than how he treated anyone else, even himself. He loved her like there is nothing else to love. He made her his reason for living. All these were perfectly described in the book. As someone who was able to read about their love story, who

Genocide free essay sample

An historical look at the genocides perpetrated in Rwanda and Kosovo and the UNs involvement. This paper examines the historical context of these two ethnic cleansing genocides that occurred in the late twentieth century. It looks at lessons the world should have learned from the Holocaust in World War II and analyzes the United Nations involvement and role in preventing these atrocities. Many people who lived through World War II will never forget the sights of thousands of Jewish bodies thrown into mass graves after the Nazi Holocaust. To most people it was unimaginable- the extent of the death and destruction. Winston Churchill called it a crime that has no name (www.un.org 2001). Winston Churchill was correct in his observation. Despite the numerous occurrences in history, the word genocide as a legal term and an international sanction did not exist until 1951 (www.un.org 2001). It was 1951 that the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Genocide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page N. made a treaty defining and criminalizing genocide, entitled The Convention of the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. In the last fifty years, the world has witnessed many horrendous massacres of civilian populations, in Cambodia, Bangladesh, and elsewhere, for which the political will was lacking to organize a war crimes tribunal. Now, the international climate supports the creation of the first two war crimes tribunals since the Nazis at Nuremburg, those for Rwanda and Kosovo.

Zara Fast Fashion Case Analysis Essay Example

Zara Fast Fashion Case Analysis Paper In 1 975, a Spanish entrepreneur first opened Ezra as a retail store in La Crouch, Spain. He then created the corporate group, Inedited. Inedited had become one of the worlds largest specialty retailers; it had six different chains, through which Inedited designed, manufactured, and sold apparel, footwear, and accessories for women, men, and kids around the world. Stability distinguished Inedited from other apparel retails. Although Inedited had become a public company with increasing stock price and high margins, Inedited always aimed to become a very sustainable company rather than cost profitable one in the world. Ezra was the largest and most internationalization chain for Inedited. Its headquarter was located in Artesia, Spain. Ezra was well known for its success in creating fast-fashion by selling fashion items at affordable prices and responding the market trend very quickly. Its business system and international expansion had become Indiess proudest decision. Inedited became increasingly international after 2001. It announced that Saras strategy in international expansion was the main reason for the groups sales growing globally. Ezra was no doubt the ash cow and key business for Inedited. However, Ezra itself faced some difficulties when expanding internationally. The differences in cultures and regulations made the expansion much riskier. After its failure in Italy in 1998, and competitors failures in U. S. Market, Ezra and Inedited had to be more concerned and careful about entering into a foreign new market. We will write a custom essay sample on Zara Fast Fashion Case Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Zara Fast Fashion Case Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Zara Fast Fashion Case Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Moreover, top management in Inedited started to think about further plans for the group. Managing six different chains, they planned to develop other chains (or new chains) into a star business as successful as Ezra. This report will focus on loving Saras international expansion issue, as Ezra was so far the largest business for Inedited, and its issue was relatively urgent. After Ezra establishing a sustainable and more successful long-term international business, Indiess other chains could learn from its experiences. Inedited would be more capable and confident in managing and developing other chains into another large and international model like Ezra. ISSUE STATEMENT Inedited had to allow Ezra to expand and develop primarily, in order to grow into a stable and large organization rather than only focusing on home business (focusing in Spain). But International expansion was very expensive, and not that easy as different countries had different regulations, cultures, market demand and preferences. Large apparel firms like Ezra, H and Benton had met difficulties attempting to enter foreign markets. Meanwhile, Ezra had almost covered the whole market in Spain; in order to grow, it demanded larger market outside the home country. Thus, the issue statement discussed in this report is the future geographic focus for Ezra: Which foreign market should Ezra focus in its international expansion, and what are the strategies to enter the market? SITUATION ANALYSIS Saras Business System Ezra was the largest and most internationalization of Indiess chains, which are six independently operated chains and was responsible for their own strategy (Ezra, 8). In 2001, Ezra generated 85% of Indiess earnings and 76% of total sales. It generally targeted medium and high-income level and fashion sensitive consumers; while the income level of target market may be different in different countries. It was the leader in the fast fashion industry. The business system distinguished Ezra from other retailers, and enabled it to have a quick response to the market and fashion trend. Saras success came room its highly vertical integration strategy. It owned different levels of supply chain, from design, sourcing and manufacturing distribution and retail. This strategy allowed Ezra to better control the performance and quality of product, be highly efficient in delivering consumers preferred product to the market. Saras goal was to create a sense of scarcity, and to offer consumers fashionable product with reasonable quality and affordable price. The vertical integration strategy contributed to this goal by shortening the cycle time from design to retail to four weeks (over 6 months for the traditional industry), educing the working capital intensity, and reducing the inventory pressure. Design Ezra had three product lines: women, men and children. All of them had their own creative designers, sourcing and product development specialists. Several dozens items were designed each day, but only 1 13 of them would actually go into production (Ezra, 10). Ezra designed almost all products in-house. The designers cooperated well with store managers, and used an advanced technology system to track the data to analyze the market trend. Sourcing Manufacturing Ezra had purchasing offices in Barcelona and Hong Kong to help it source fabric, other inputs, and finished products from external suppliers. It bought endued fabric in order to adjust with the most recent updating in fashion trend. Ezra outsourced the production of basic item (price sensitive but time insensitive), and produced the fashionable item (40% of products) in-house for better control and quality. Large amount of outsourced goods were from Europe, so that Ezra saved time in transportation process. Only 20% of finished garments were manufactured in Asia, while H outsourced nearly all of the products to Asia. Distribution Majority of Saras sewn garments were produced in small workshops and sent to Saras centralized distribution. It was located in Artesia. Ezra only allowed most Of the products to Stay there for a few hours. Third-party delivery services shipped the items twice a week to stores over the world, mostly by truck. Only 25% was shipped by air because it was expensive. Retailing The price of Saras products was relatively low, and Ezra located its stores in prime areas of different cities. Ezra saved costs by investing little money in advertising and by efficient, vertically integrated supply chain. Ezra maintained a competitive price in every market. Although prices in different countries varied due to transportation cost, tax and exchange rate, the advertisement promotion strategy was generally maintained in every country. Store managers played a significant role. Ezra offered them large power to manage the store like their own business, and also offered high compensation and bonus as incentives. They provided critical data and feedback to designers and contributed to the design process; they were responsible for the selecting and training in-store personnel; they also made decisions on ordering and store operations. International Expansion After 2001, Ezra had 282 stores in 32 foreign countries, it had most foreign stores in Europe and only 5 in Asia (Japan). Ezra owned the stores in less risky and large market, but the costs would be higher. Ezra used franchising to enter small, risky markets with cultural differences and regulation barriers. Ezra used joint venture when the market was large and important but with barriers. STOW Analysis of Saras Business Strength The fast fashion concept, quick response and sense of scarcity were attractive to the consumers. The price was relatively low and competitive. The business cycle time was short from design to retail. Inventory was controlled low. The designers were creative. The strong centralized distribution system and vertical integration were distinctive feature of Saras business and made it hard for other brands to copy. Weakness Promotion was weak compared to HM, due to little advertising investment. Production or outsourced costs were relatively high, as HM outsourced mostly to Asia while Ezra focus more on Europe manufactures with higher costs. Since there was only one distribution center, there might be discomposes of scale if Ezra developed more stores. The only distribution center may not have enough capacity to handle too much stores around the world. It would also be risky to handle all items in one center. The goal of low inventory sometimes could not satisfy the demand. The joint venture agreement with foreign partners was sometimes complex in responsibilities, and there were risks that Ezra had to buy out the partners interest. Also, under international expansion, store managers would be hired from different countries and may not understand Saras concept well. Thus they may not operate Saras business in an efficient and standardized way. Purport unity The potential market was very large because apparel industry was needed in every country. The Internet was increasingly popular since 2000 and might be a new chance to promote brand or to reach customers. Threats Competitions was all around the world. There was direct competition with local firms. And many of the large apparel retailers were considering entering into international expansion. The product design was easy to copy. There would be social, cultural, political, economic and regulation differences if entering into foreign new market. ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS 1. Fully focus on European market 2. Expand aggressively into North American and Asian market 3. Expand globally, specifically, cover European market in a more aggressive way than other places in short run, then in long term open more stores in North America and Asia. Alternative 1: Fully Focus On European Market Pros The European market was lucrative. Ezra had most of its foreign stores in Europe so far, thus it would had more experiences. The home country and distribution center were both in Europe, which would save more time and made the business easier to control. There would be less cultural differences. The consumers preference into fashion was more similar within Europe than other countries oversea. The major potential market could be Greece, Sweden and Italy. Italy was the largest single apparel market in Europe, its consumers visited apparel stores more frequently and they Were more fashion conscious (Ezra, 19). Saras distribution center and current distribution system allowed it to operate well in Europe, as most of the shipping would be using truck (inexpensive), and most of Saras manufacturers were in Europe. Cons Some of the markets like Italian market were difficult to enter alone due to the regulation barriers. Ezra failed for the fist attempt entering Italy in 1998. The barrier required Ezra to enter with joint venture agreement with a large local partner, which may also be Saras competitor. Europe was relatively small compared to Asia and America. Since Ezra had opened its foreign stores in around 20 cities in Europe after 2002, the potential market that could be further explored in Europe was even smaller. Major competitors like H, Benton were all European companies. Alternative 2: Expand Aggressively into North American and Asian market Pros These two markets had larger population, and were relatively rosaceous compared to South America or Africa; hence the sales could be high. They had less apparel cultural differences compared to the Middle East. Cons Costs would be high especially in terms of marketing, research and transportation. Ezra had very limit experiences in certain larger cities in these markets (e. G. Had only entered Japan for Asian market) and did not know those markets and consumers well. The designs were the same for all stores, but consumers preferences would be different (e. G. North American people were less fashion forward; Asian consumers may dislike the European style). With only one centralized distribution center it would be time consuming and costly, if items were manufactured in Asia (items would be sent to Europe first and then sent back to Asia). Size requirements were different (the U. S. Consumers requires larger sizes while Asian consumers preferred smaller sizes), so there would be difficulties to standardize and control the product quality. U. S. Market was fragmented, retailing overcapacity and full of local competitors. Outside Europe, Ezra didnt have strong in-house production and distribution facilities to ensure the low cost and timing. As Ezra cared the mime for items reaching the market, it had to increase the usage of air shipping which was much more expensive. Also, longer time for reaching the stores would make it ineffective to response to consumers need and taste. The Foreign exchange risks could be also a threat. Alternative 3: Expand Globally. In the short run, Ezra should aggressively enter the European market. Since the European market was closer, more familiar and less risky compared to other large markets, Ezra should take full advantage of it. Meanwhile, Ezra should keep a look on North American and Asian market and open a few lightship stores in their prime cities. In the long run, Ezra should enter more aggressively into these two large markets by opening more stores. Pros: It would combine the advantages of the first two alternatives. By Opening a very few but critical flagship stores in North America and Asia in the short run, Ezra could get more experiences from those markets and understand the consumers well. Flagship store was also a promotion strategy to attract more attention. The cost would be relatively low in the short run. Ezra would be more experienced and financially capable to open more stores n those two new markets in the long run. Expanding globally would allow Ezra to grow as large as it could in the long run, and develop into a real international business. Cons: It would still be restricted by the only one centralized distribution center for entering Asia and North America, and still have the risks for entering them. The decision criteria would be revenue and profit, awareness, sustainability and consumer loyalty. According to the analysis above, alternative 3 would collect sales both from all three large markets, and thus should have more market share. It would be more sustainable due to the short term and long term focus. By successfully growing into a stable, large, profitable and global organization, Ezra would have awareness and thus better brand image and consumer loyalty. Recommendation Based on the analysis, the report recommends alternative 3. It would maximize the profit by reaching all the potential markets in the world in long term. Since there were risks and concerns for each market, the best way for Ezra to grow would be expanding its market by following a short-term and long-term strategy. However, because of the limitation of each market, Ezra till have to adjust its current business system when adopting alternative 3. Action plan Short Run Although expanding the business globally required Ezra to enter all three large markets (Europe, Asia and North America), in the short run, Ezra should focus more on European market. In 2002 Ezra planned to open 55-65 new stores. It is recommended to open 90 stores in the next year with around 75% in Europe. France, Germany, the ILK, Italy, Portugal, Greece should be major European markets outside Spain, since they are larger, less risky, relatively stable and advanced. Ezra also had more experiences and resources operating in them in the past. As they are important markets, Ezra could own the stores (or consider joint venture if there was regulation concerns) for better control and profit minimization. Although countries like Cyprus and Israel were risky and small, Ezra could still open more stores with Franchising. Also, Ezra could open new stores in new countries like Russia (Moscow) to establish the foundation for future development in the countries. Ezra should take opportunities in other large demand areas while consolidating its presence in the European market at the same time. It could open around 10 tortes in the U. S. And Asia (especially outside Japan) respectively. Specifically, it could choose New York, Los Angels, Lass Vegas, Singapore and Hong Kong since they are densely populated, prosperous and multi-cultural. There would be less cultural differences. It would be a great chance to present Ezra to the local city but also the visitors around the world. It would be safer if Ezra considered enter those markets initially with joint venture. Ezra could consider open flagship stores rather than normal stores in new cities, in order to attract more consumers, promote and build a better brand image. After 1-2 years, when newly opened stores became stable and profitable, Ezra could consider stepping into Internet. As mentioned in the opportunity part, this would be a chance for Ezra to promote itself or to develop a new distribution and retail method. Ezra should improve its website quality, use the website to deliver its style, company value and latest fashion design information. Ezra should have website for every major country that Ezra had entered, with standardized style but unique store and product information. This would be a great chance for Ezra to approach consumers. Moreover, Ezra should prepare for the online shopping. For North America and Asia, Ezra should have new distribution center and also manufacturers in South America and Asia, as these close places required lower costs. This strategy would save transportation costs and time, and solve the problems of over capacity and discomposes of scale with centralized distribution center. Since different markets had different fashion taste, now Ezra could efficiently and easily manage the distributions to each market. Ezra should also seek for and build good relationship with local deliver services like UPS and Fed for a rower cost and better performance. Also, since the U. S. ND Asian markets were both full of local competitions, Ezra should not insist on minimizing advertising and promotion investment in those markets. As also mentioned, different markets had different tastes. For example, the North American people were less fashion sensitive and required larger sizes. Ezra should update its IT system to have better track and record of the consumers behavior, in order to make better decision on design and distribution in the future. Long Run After 3 years expansion, as the European market would be stable in the long UN, Ezra could start entering Asian and North American market more aggressively. It could open more stores in areas including Canada and China. They were two largest countries with similar tastes and culture with the U. S. , Hong Kong and Japan market. Previous success in those markets would also positively affect the consumers choice and awareness in Canada and China. It could also consider opening flagship stores in Australia later. In terms of distribution, Ezra should maintain the good relationship with delivery services. In terms of design, Ezra should utilize the data from IT and track yester to design fashion product specifically for markets with different cultures and tastes. For example, Asian consumers preferred more colorful patterns, while North American consumers value more simple and basic designs. Moreover, Ezra should have head officers in North America and Asia for efficient control and management. These offices would be responsible for internal training as well, since it would be hard for every store around the world to send their managers to headquarter for training. The store managers were the key elements for the Saras operation and design, it was important for Ezra to maintain highly qualified managers in stores all around the world. Ezra could launch internship program to attract more talented and capable people. This program could deliver the Saras concept well, and contribute to a better cooperate culture, which was important for the sustainability of a large international brand. Lastly, in the long run, Ezra should consider buy back the joint venture stores which turn to be profitable, so that Ezra could have better control. CONCLUSION Ezra should enter the global market but focus on different markets in a short term and long term phases. It should establish new offices, distribution center and manufacturers in North America and Asia to catch up with its expansion. After successfully growing into a sustainable and more profitable international business, Inedited could have better experiences and resources to consider further development of new chains. It is not suggested for Inedited to grow an existing apparel chain as it might confuse consumers and compete with Ezra. It could launch a new brand with new product line under a name similar to Ezra (e. G. Ezra Home), as consumers would be more attracted to it.

There is little room for doubt that tourism is one Essays - Culture

There is little room for doubt that tourism is one Essays - Culture There is little room for doubt that tourism is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. However, its impact on culture remains a source of constant debate. This essay will elaborate on both positive and negative effects of tourism from a cultural perspective.Providing economic incentives for cultural preservation is unarguably one of the main contributions of tourism. To many tourists, culture and history are what they first consider when choosing a destination. Their mindset has been recognised by many tourism sites and money has been subsequently directed toward cultural protection, including the maintenance of key historical sites. Tourism is therefore one of the primary forces contributing to the preservation of a culture.In addition to raising financing, tourism can make an indigenous culture known to the world and rally support worldwide to protect it. When a historic site or a site that shows a country's cultural heritage is made accessible to the public, visitors f rom all over the world will soon flock there. They will share their experience in the local culture with their friends and families once they return home, assisting this site to gain international fame. Both financial and technological support will flood in for the conservation of natural and cultural resources.On the negative side, tourism develops sometimes at the expense of part of culture. Food, festivals, costumes and other stimulating elements of a culture are highlighted to entertain tourists, constituting an insult to the locals and causing damage to the unique nature of a culture. Moreover, cultural commercialization has made the sacred elements of a culture commonplace and tourists are encouraged to attach little importance to a unique tradition, which cannot be found elsewhere.In the light of these facts, one can conclude that tourism is neither a boon nor a bane to cultural preservation. While its endeavour lo protect an indigenous culture should be recognized, it has pu t the integrity of a culture at risk.

Opening an Account With Business Letter Writing Basics

Opening an Account With Business Letter Writing Basics Formal English letters have changed recently as email has become more common. In spite of this, understanding good formal English business letter structure will help you write both business letters and effective emails. The only significant change in formal business letters is that the message is received via email, rather than on letterhead. In the case that you send an email, a date and recipient address is not required at the beginning of the letter. The rest of the letter remains the same. Here are helpful phrases and an example of a business letter focusing on opening an account. The following letter outlines the terms of a newly opened business account. Useful Key Phrases Thank you for opening an account with...I would like to take this opportunity ...Invoices are payable within ...As..., I will be happy to answer any questions you may have regarding......and therefore encourage the use of...We consider this incentive... Example Letter I Here is a formal letter providing terms and conditions for opening an account. This letter is an example of a letter individual clients might receive. Dear ____, Thank you for opening an account with our company. As one of the leaders in this industry, we can assure you that our products and our services will not disappoint you. I would like to take this opportunity to briefly set forth our terms and conditions for maintaining an open account with our firm. Invoices are payable within 30 days of receipt, with a 2% discount available if your payment is remitted within ten (10) days of receipt. We consider this incentive an excellent opportunity for our customers to increase their profit margin, and therefore encourage the use of this discount privilege whenever possible. We do, however, require that our invoices be paid within the specified time, for our customers to take advantage of this 2% discount. At various times throughout the year we may offer our customers additional discounts on our products. In determining your cost in this case, you must apply your special discount first, and then calculate your 2% discount for early payment. As the credit manager, I will be happy to answer any questions you may have regarding your new account. I can be reached at the above number. Welcome to our family of customers. Sincerely, Kevin Mangione Online Terms and Conditions Heres an example of terms and conditions that might be provided on a website. In this case, the language is formal, but directed to all.   Key Phrases The user agrees to ...As a condition of use, you agree to ...... you promise to not ....... for any purpose Welcome to our online community. As a member, you will enjoy the benefits of a vibrant online social forum. In order to keep everyone happy, we have these simple terms and conditions.   The user agrees to follow rules posted on the user forum. Further, you promise to not post inappropriate comments as deemed by forum supervisors. As a condition of use, you agree to not post advertisements of any kind. This includes simple messages posted in online chats. Finally, the user agrees to not use content posted in the forums on other sites for any purpose.   Practice Letter Fill in the gaps to complete this short letter setting out conditions to begin writing your own terms and conditions or emails.   Dear ____, Thank you for __________________. Id like to take this opportunity to assure you that _____________. Ive provided this terms and conditions for ____________________. _____________ are payable within ________ days of receipt, with a _______ discount available if your payment is made within ________ days of receipt. As the __________, I will be happy to answer any questions you may have regarding your new account. I can be reached at ________. Thank you for your _________ and ____________.   Sincerely, _________ For further types of business letters use this guide to different types of business letters to refine your skills for specific business purposes such as making inquiries, adjusting claims, writing cover letters and more. For more detailed help with standard business writing skills, I highly recommend these business English books.

Health care marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Health care marketing - Essay Example Each patient wants to receive quality health care services. Quality health care is a priority to every individual because it means life. Marketers in this field should identify the specific needs of the client and design health care products that target to address these needs. Comfort and care prove to be the leading need of the patient. Businesses in this field should seek to persuade the patient with quality in terms of effectiveness, comfort, speed, and specialized care. With many businesses in this field projecting inefficiencies in satisfying the patient and his family, a business that prioritizes these needs is likely to stand out among the competitors. Effective marketing should seek to persuade the patient and family with an assurance of expertise in health care provision, speedy diagnosis, and professional advice from consultants. With such conviction, patients will be able to try out a health care provider. If they derive satisfaction, clients will develop a level of loyalt y that is good for the business. On a different note, healthcare providers should adopt a new business culture. These businesses should give the patient the freedom to make an informed choice. This will only occur if these enterprises disclose the charges of their services prior to delivery of these services. A transparent health care system will enable compare prices between different health care providers. That comparison will enable the clients to choose the one that presents a higher utility worth the price. Majority of health care providers assume that patients do not need to know prices before hand. However, it is reasonable to let the patient make informed health care choices. The health care sector can increase clients through effective marketing and deliverance of quality health services. Understanding the specific needs of clients and designing services that seek to satisfy those needs should be a priority. A patient will visit a health care provider

The Civil War Produced More Radical Changes in America than the Essay

The Civil War Produced More Radical Changes in America than the Revolutionary War - Essay Example Here in this essay, I would discuss that whether the civil war produced more radical changes in America or the Revolutionary war. REVOLUTIONARY WAR: The ideology of John Locke impressed American Colonies and provoked them to fight for their rights. Locke wrote in â€Å"Two Treaties of Government† that it is beyond humanity to rule individuals and rejected the claim of kings and queens of having a divine right to rule masses. Locke infused the spirit of liberalism and democracy. (John Locke, 1821) The main idea of Revolutionary movement was to address the differences that lay within a mother country like religious, traditional and social differences. He stated: â€Å"The natural liberty of man is to be free from any superior power on earth, and not to be under the will or legislative authority of man, but to have only the law of Nature for his rule. The liberty of man in society is to be under no other legislative power but that established by consent in the commonwealth, nor under the dominion of any will, or restraint of any law, but what that legislative shall enact according to the trust put in it.† (John Locke, 1821) Evolutionary War was more than a political agenda and took course during 18th century which initiated in 1763. The seed was sown earlier after the British forces enforced the series of taxes on the American Colonies which was imposed in the name of defense and security cost. American colonies felt the discrimination that was made by British regulatory authorities as British person were not made liable to pay tax. The discrimination enraged American Colonies and in retaliation their Thirteen Colonies in North America collaborated and stood united to form a separate nation which would have no influence or governance from the British Empire. To make their move official, they rejected the rule of Parliament of Britain and together they cast out the royal officials. The colonies demanded for an elected representative in the ruling Brit ish Parliament and within the span of two years, American colonies formed Committees for Correspondence which would direct their own Provincial Congresses in majority of the colonies. The advantage of committees was enormous as it was easy for individuals to share and comment on different issues between British community and American Colonies. With a little more efforts, the provincial congresses proved to be effective and dismissed the parliament and replaced all British ruling bodies. In response to this political setback, British government tried hard to assert pressure and reform authority by dissolving local governments with the help of British troops and to impose rule directly from Royal officials. British troops were confronted by American militia in 1775. George Washington was chosen as commander in chief to guide and lead the army as American Militia lacked in almost every essential skill or training. Washington finely used both army and militia for his strategies to defea t British combat troops. Blacks were promised to be freed if they serve the army and soon blacks in large numbers were recruited in both the armies. Large number of blacks escaped and joined the British Army against Americans. After a constant fight between both nations, the Independence of America was declared on July 4, 1776. The main purpose was to achieve liberty, democracy and equality among the nation which was severely lacking in the British Empire. CIVIL WAR: (Nicolay, 2009) In the middle of 19th Century, Abraham Lincoln was chosen

Intercultural aspect of culture Essay Example for Free

Intercultural aspect of culture Essay During the first day of the workshop, I did not completely understand the real meaning of culture. I did not even have a single definition for the term culture. Many questions came into my mind such as, â€Å"What is culture? What are the factors that create culture? What is the scope of culture? Does culture improve itself or not? Although, I started the inquiry on the concept of culture without certain answers for these questions, I had figured them out step by step during that day. I started to find answers for most of the questions that I faced. I finally understood what culture was and why different people with different cultures had different behaviors. By understanding the factors that influenced culture, I started to learn its importance to the parties who got involved in particular conflicts. Throughout that day, I comprehended why people with different cultures got involved in particular conflicts and what were their objectives. I started to give answers for these queries. They might need someone whom they can air their grievances or opinions with. Moreover, they might only wish that others would respect their culture as it was. In the role play, I learned that listening skill was very helpful in making the parties who were involved in the conflict feel better. Also, they should be given the chance to continue telling their stories without any interruption. I had also learned that I could be able to interact with them simply through body language such as moving my head up and down which tells, â€Å"I understand you. Keep going. † Furthermore, these skills would give me the chance to get as much information as possible and understand the parties’ cultures. Personally, I think that having much understanding of other cultures using the skills mentioned earlier would help me adapt with their behaviors and become more flexible when dealing with them. Culture’s factors such as religion, climate and geography play very significant roles in parties’ behavior. These explain why different countries have different cultures. Finally, all ideas and skills that I had learned during the first day of the workshop let me pay a close attention on understanding other cultures, respecting their beliefs and values as I want other people do the same thing when they cross my culture. I would try to use these ideas and skills in my daily life – simply by listening to other people and respecting them. Before evolving an intercultural model of conflict resolution it is important to understand and identify aspects of culture that lead to creation of the framework of conflict. The cultural spectrum holds different shades for a person, a society and a nation, accordingly helping each of them to assimilate and adapt to a common identity that is defined and shaped by culture (Holliday, Hyde and Kullman, 2004). In the process of evolving this collective identity, culture transcends its traditional role of providing an aggregate set of beliefs, customs, norms, values, ethics, traditions, moral, social and legal codes, perceptions, and philosophy, to become the overall physical framework for the society to function. Culture attains a real form, rendering a three dimensional living space for people to experience its living force ((Holliday, Hyde and Kullman, 2004)). Culture is strongly related with geographical setting of a place, religion, ethnicity, and race, explaining why different countries have different cultures, and also why places on seashore share common elements of culture that is quite different from culture of mountainous places. The imprinting of culture on ways a person thinks, acts, perceives the environment and models his/her reaction is very strong and virtually indelible, determining every aspect of human behavior and giving rise to cultural identity in addition to individual and national identity. Although the classic rational choice framework says that people are independent in choice of their behavior and approach towards events, its seen that at subtle levels the structural model provided by culture acts as final determinant in predicting a person, a society and a nation. Although culture is dynamic, evolving and continuously upgrading itself, in essence, these changes occur within the context of culture’s own timeframe. One of the most important contribution of culture to human civilization is the orientation provided towards other cultures, making the culture in question receptive, tolerant, indifferent or outright hostile towards different cultures. Societies are seldom mono-cultural, displaying a range of cultural traits, achieved through generations of trades, contact, and cross cultural mixing (Holliday, Hyde and Kullman, 2004). However, although for people belonging to a particular culture, their culture would hardly seem complex, the cultural realities are hidden beneath the surface, difficult to observe and discern from outside. These improper understanding and imperfect perceptions of culture often give rise to conflict when different cultures are required to meet or come across.

The Hollow Men Essay -- essays research papers

The Theme of Emptiness in â€Å"The Hollow Men†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Hollow Men,† a poem written by T.S. Eliot shows the narrators disgust and his faithless attitude toward all mankind. He refers to the human race as being â€Å"hollow,† (1) and having a â€Å"headpiece filled with straw,† (4) which creates the feeling and theme of emptiness. Eliot also uses allusions, symbols, and repetition as powerful, and depressing poetic devices to make mankind seem hollow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The theme of emptiness is clearly visible throughout the poem, and it begins in the title. â€Å"The Hollow Men† refers to mankind being empty, and that there is no meaning to their life, and no purpose for the hollow men to go on. IN the first section of the poem, the second stanza states â€Å"Shape without form, shade without colour, Paralysed force, gesture without motion.† (11-12) Here Eliot puts strong ideas together in such a way that they seem to cancel out each other, leaving an empty feeling . In section three, Eliot used â€Å"dead,† (39) and â€Å"cactus† (40) to describe the setting, and â€Å"In deaths other kingdom/Walking alone,† (46-47) leaves the reader in an empty state of mind with no surroundings. When someone shouts into an empty, or wide area, it will always echo and repeat itself until it quietly dies off. This example of emptiness is expressed in the very last stanza of the poem, â€Å"This is the way th e world ends This is the way the world ends This is the way the world ends Not with a b... The Hollow Men Essay -- essays research papers The Theme of Emptiness in â€Å"The Hollow Men†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Hollow Men,† a poem written by T.S. Eliot shows the narrators disgust and his faithless attitude toward all mankind. He refers to the human race as being â€Å"hollow,† (1) and having a â€Å"headpiece filled with straw,† (4) which creates the feeling and theme of emptiness. Eliot also uses allusions, symbols, and repetition as powerful, and depressing poetic devices to make mankind seem hollow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The theme of emptiness is clearly visible throughout the poem, and it begins in the title. â€Å"The Hollow Men† refers to mankind being empty, and that there is no meaning to their life, and no purpose for the hollow men to go on. IN the first section of the poem, the second stanza states â€Å"Shape without form, shade without colour, Paralysed force, gesture without motion.† (11-12) Here Eliot puts strong ideas together in such a way that they seem to cancel out each other, leaving an empty feeling . In section three, Eliot used â€Å"dead,† (39) and â€Å"cactus† (40) to describe the setting, and â€Å"In deaths other kingdom/Walking alone,† (46-47) leaves the reader in an empty state of mind with no surroundings. When someone shouts into an empty, or wide area, it will always echo and repeat itself until it quietly dies off. This example of emptiness is expressed in the very last stanza of the poem, â€Å"This is the way th e world ends This is the way the world ends This is the way the world ends Not with a b...

Enforing schools to all have a school uniform

When you think of your typical pupil, what are they dressed in? Some people would state in denims and in a jumper, but the right reply would be in a school uniform! For many old ages now we school uniforms have been the symbol for smart, focused, and hardworking pupils. We are besides really stylish ; I personally make my pupil expression astonishing and mature with my chevrons and colorss. So I ask you, Ontario Ministry of Education, why are we non used in all of your schools? Some would reason that school uniforms limit a pupil from showing themselves, but there are many other ways to show yourself, non merely in your apparels ( â€Å" Do you believe in School uniforms? â€Å" , par. 9 ) . We are non harmful, but in fact are good to both the pupils and the schools and therefore should be used in all of your schools. We ‘re helpful in many ways, but most significantly because we teach pupils subject and focal point, we help schools place interlopers from pupils, and we elimi nate a major beginning of intimidation ; vesture. Enforcing a rigorous frock codification may look harsh to some, but it teaches pupils to train themselves and to concentrate more. You may non believe it, but school uniforms do assistance in a pupil ‘s focal point. Research at a school with uniforms found that â€Å" 44 % of parents have found that their childs are more focussed in school after have oning uniforms † ( Lalwani, â€Å" School Uniforms: Facts on School Uniforms † , par. 3 ) . With about half the pupils more focussed than earlier, it is clear that my brothers and sisters at that place improved their concentration to the point where even the parents noticed. Some would oppugn how precisely we could assist pupils concentrate. Well, maintaining that in head, research besides found that the pupils were more focussed â€Å" because they are non obsessed with the manner they look in comparing to others † ( Lalwani, â€Å" School Uniforms: Facts on School Uniforms † , par. 4 ) . Everyone is se lf-aware of how they look, worrying about if they are have oning the right apparels or the best trade names ( â€Å" Do you believe in School uniforms? â€Å" , par. 5 ) . This changeless badgering distracts pupils from their surveies. If schools were to utilize my friends and household, so pupils would n't blow clip worrying over their apparels. Aside from the immediate benefits, implementing this rigorous frock codification besides helps the pupils ‘ hereafter as good. Learning to be punctual with a rigorous frock codification such as a uniform is a life accomplishment that the pupils will larn while in school if we are used. Alternatively of larning this accomplishment while working at a occupation where you can acquire fired, the pupils will already be ready. As you can see, one of our many occupations is to better a pupil ‘s academic life and besides to assist schools catch intruders. Probably one of the most of import benefits of utilizing us, from a school ‘s position, would be that anyone who is non a pupil would be easy identified. In schools without a uniform, it is about impossible to pick a intruder out from a crowd of pupils merely by looking at them because there is nil seeable that separates pupils from interlopers. I can remember many occasions where this pupil walked into another school to see his friends, and the instructors were non even cognizant he was intruding. Schools can truly merely be certain who goes to the school or non by looking at the pupil cards, but it takes excessively much clip to inquire each pupil to demo their cards. We are the solution to this job because we â€Å" could assist school decision makers identify non-students intruders, and other visitants in the hallway who stand out in the crowd † ( â€Å" School Uniforms, Dress Codes, & A ; Book Bags † , par. 3 ) . It is rather obvious who the intruder is in a crowd if everyone except one is have oning a school uniform. If you still are non positive, I know of one clip where an interloper was identified in a school with uniforms. My close friend was being worn by his pupil one twenty-four hours when a individual walked into the school without a uniform. The pupil rapidly informed a instructor and the instructor approached the adult male and told him to go forth. Since the interloper stood out, he was identified every bit shortly as he walked in. Clearly uniforms aid schools with the issue of intruders, and besides with the issue of strong-arming. It is a known fact that childs get bullied in school. However there is one manner to cut down the sum of intimidation and struggles and that is to utilize school uniforms. Research at California ‘s Long Beach Unified school proved the relationship between uniforms and struggles at school because they had a lessening in offenses, suspensions and sex offenses by at least 90 % after raising the unvarying frock codification ( Lalwani, â€Å" School Uniforms: Facts on School Uniforms † , par. 2 ) . Once the school started to utilize uniforms, non merely was at that place less intimidation, but besides less offenses in general. The ground for this is that â€Å" childs are non picked on due to the sort of apparels they wear † ( Lalwani, â€Å" School Uniforms: Facts on School Uniforms † , par. 4 ) . Obviously no 1 would pick on person because of their apparels if they are besides have oning the same apparels. Basically what we are making is uniting the pupils ( à ¢â‚¬Å" Do you believe in School uniforms? â€Å" , par. 1 ) . Even if two pupils have ne'er met before, they will experience little more familiar with each other because they ‘re have oning the same apparels, stand foring the same school. Wearing my sort â€Å" instills a sense of uniformity and the feeling of being oneaˆÂ ¦ † ( Lalwani, â€Å" School Uniforms: Facts on School Uniforms † , par. 4 ) . With this integrity, pupils can look past the visual aspects and societal positions and merely be friendly with each other. It is easy to separate the societal positions based on apparels, giving the wealthier people with nicer apparels a ground to bully the non so affluent people. â€Å" When I was in high school, my household was hapless. I had three braces of bloomerss to have on at school, one brace of places and possibly 4-5 shirts. My friends and non-friends noticed. Many said things they thought I could non hear † ( â€Å" Do you believe in Schoo l uniforms? â€Å" , par. 11 ) . This individual that came from a hapless household did non hold a batch of apparels so he was bullied because everyone noticed. Had the school used uniforms, no 1 would hold noticed. Thankss to uniforms, intimidation has been reduced in many schools ; nevertheless we can merely assist the schools that are willing to make out and take our manus. It is clear now that we, school uniforms, are good to pupils and the schools. It has been proven that pupils are more focussed in school, schools are safer in general, and intimidation is reduced by a batch. Some schools have realized merely how utile we are. However we wish to assist as many schools as we can. We merely exist to function the pupils and the schools. With this many benefits, non merely should some schools have uniforms, but all schools in Ontario should hold uniforms. It is up to you to take the first measure towards a better educational system and towards the redress for most school issues ; school uniforms.

Blood Bananas

Abstract: Chiquita Brands International and its leaders learned a very hard lesson about paying off terrorist groups to protect their employees. Over the past 25 years, no place has been more perilous for companies than Colombia, a country that is finally beginning to emerge from the effects its Colombian banana subsidiaries had made protection payments to terrorist groups from 1997 through 2004. The Justice Department began an investigation, focusing on the role and conduct of Chiquita and some of its officers in this criminal activity. Subsequently, Chiquita entered into a plea agreement that gave them the dubious distinction of being the first major U. S. company ever convicted of dealing with terrorists, and resulted in a fine of US$25 million and other penalties. To make matters worse, the industry was facing pressure from increasing retailer purchasing power, major changes in consumer tastes and preferences, and Europe’s imposition of an â€Å"onerous tariff† on companies that sourced bananas from Latin America. With this in mind, Fernando Aguirre, Chiquita’s CEO since 2004, reflected on how the company had arrived at this point, and what had been done to correct the course so far. He faced major challenges to the company’s competitive position in this dynamic industry. What would it take to position the company on a more positive competitive trajectory? Would this even be possible in this industry and in the business climate Chiquita faced? Teaching: The case provides a vehicle for analyzing strategic, contextual, and ethical challenges underlying Chiquita’s presence in Colombia, a primary global source for bananas. The case highlights the trade-offs that Chiquita made while paying protection money to ensure business continuity and employee protection. Historic information tracks the evolution of the company from its early focus on owning plantations; growing, importing, and distributing bananas; sourcing, marketing, and distribution, to â€Å"downstream† value-chain activities that were more profitable, less nature-dependent, and less risky. The case emphasizes Chiquita’s focus on risk avoidance, cost control, and globalization; the factors that contributed to the payment of protection money; and Chiquita’s failure to respond quickly and appropriately. The case discusses decisions made as Chiquita grew from a small firm to become an industry giant; innovation, and continuous improvement as drivers of industry consolidation; and how Chiquita responded to terrorist threats and the consequences of the response. Detailed information in the case helps the reader understand potential globalization challenges and those inherent in managing external threats and high visibility crises. The case fits well into MBA courses in industry and competitive strategy, general management, operations management, business ethics, or crisis management. Concepts from the case include emerging market risk that globalizing companies may encounter; implications of administrative heritage for organizational structure and communication flows; fundamental challenges of global coordination and control; and strategic communication role of the leader in a crisis. These concepts are applicable in multiple other industries. Blood Bananas: Chiquita in Colombia by  Mary B. Teagarden,  Andreas Schotter Source:  Thunderbird School of Global Management 16  pages. Publication date:  Nov 11, 2010. Prod. #:  TB0245-PDF-ENG Chiquita Brands International and its leaders learned a very hard lesson about paying off terrorist groups to protect their employees. Over the past 25 years, no place has been more perilous for companies than Colombia, a country that is finally beginning to emerge from the effects of civil war and narco-terrorism. In 2004, Chiquita voluntarily revealed to the U. S. Justice Department that one of its Colombian banana subsidiaries had made protection payments to terrorist groups from 1997 through 2004. The Justice Department began an investigation, focusing on the role and conduct of Chiquita and some of its officers in this criminal activity. Subsequently, Chiquita entered into a plea agreement that gave them the dubious distinction of being the first major U. S. company ever convicted of dealing with terrorists, and resulted in a fine of US$25 million and other penalties. To make matters worse, the industry was facing pressure from increasing retailer purchasing power, major changes in consumer tastes and preferences, and Europe's imposition of an â€Å"onerous tariff† on companies that sourced bananas from Latin America. With this in mind, Fernando Aguirre, Chiquita's CEO since 2004, reflected on how the company had arrived at this point, and what had been done to correct the course so far. He faced major challenges to the company's competitive position in this dynamic industry. What would it take to position the company on a more positive competitive trajectory? Would this even be possible in this industry and in the business climate Chiquita faced? Learning Objective The case provides a vehicle for analyzing strategic, contextual, and ethical challenges underlying Chiquita's presence in Colombia, a primary global source for bananas. The case highlights the trade-offs that Chiquita made while paying protection money to ensure business continuity and employee protection. Historic information tracks the evolution of the company from its early focus on owning plantations; growing, importing, and distributing bananas; sourcing, marketing, and distribution, to â€Å"downstream† value-chain activities that were more profitable, less nature-dependent, and less risky. The case emphasizes Chiquita's focus on risk avoidance, cost control, and globalization; the factors that contributed to the payment of protection money; and Chiquita's failure to respond quickly and appropriately. The case discusses decisions made as Chiquita grew from a small firm to become an industry giant; innovation, and continuous improvement as drivers of industry consolidation; and how Chiquita responded to terrorist threats and the consequences of the response. Detailed information in the case helps the reader understand potential globalization challenges and those inherent in managing external threats and high visibility crises. The case fits well into MBA courses in industry and competitive strategy, general management, operations management, business ethics, or crisis management. Concepts from the case include emerging market risk that globalizing companies may encounter; implications of administrative heritage for organizational structure and communication flows; fundamental challenges of global coordination and control; and strategic communication role of the leader in a crisis. These concepts are applicable in multiple other industries. ++++ Blood Banana Case Study they will find another job or another way of earning their living, the cycle of life doesn’t stop when you become unemployed ! and if you asked them would they prefer losing their jobs temporary or losing their lives forever? Am pretty sure they won’t chose the second alternative. The company already thought about its worker’s lives as their primary concern and didn’t take the second choice, so the least thing is t o think about their existence and to do what’s in their best interest. Last but not least, the fruit company if decided to leave will encounter huge costs of    abandon their current business and starting all over again in another place, but paying one time huge cost is more effective than paying annually amount of money to the AUC for God knows when ! plus they will have their current profits and they can sell their company in Colombia and gain extra money that will enable them to start again somewhere else. hey are a well-developed corporation, if they did a good strategy with a well written plan they will manage to start up over and maybe even better ! In conclusion, Chiquita was in a bad situation, and as a normal corporation whose aim is to make profits they need to consider what’s in their best interest and that is to execute the country. Costs will occur no matter what option they choose, but some were less harmful and less costly than others, it’s like what they say† the best of the worst† all the alternatives were ba d but abandon the country is the best between them. Blood banana Chiquita Inc. was one of the largest and growing    fruit company in America who faced a dramatic problem in the 90’s with the AUC, a Colombian paramilitary organization that promoted violence act and considered to be terrorist, what happened was they inquired the fruit company to pay them specific amount of money monthly that was required for their security services as they    claimed! The situation was straightforward, either Chiquita pays for the terrorist†¦ Blood Bananas Background Chiquita Brands International is one of the world’s largest banana producers that were founded in 1899. Founded as United Fruit Company, Chiquita has grown to be one of the top three companies in the banana business with a combined control of 60% market share. Chiquita had annual revenues of $4. 7 billion and operating plants worldwide with its main business coming out of Colombia. In this case study, it tells the story of the Chiquita business and how they faced many problems in the past years. The main problem in this study is how Chiquita paid the AUC terrorist group a combined $1. million from 1997 to 2004 and then told the United States Justice Department about their dealings. After the criminal investigation and plea agreement, the new CEO was faced with the decisions of a new direction for the company. Through this analysis I will help Fernando Aguirre come up with a feasible plan for Chiquita Brands International so that it can continue to be a dominant busi ness. Issues The key issue at hand with Chiquita Brands International is that after all of their problems, they had to face the decision with how the company would be position themselves positively.The company’s image had been shot and brand image is a very important concept for businesses to have to be able to survive in today’s business world. The CEO, Fernando Aguirre, did not know how to bring the company to a reputable standard and leave the past behind. The company now needs to learn how to move forward with their company to change the perceptions of their audience and still be a leading banana producer worldwide. Another key issue that Fernando must deal with is the reality of the issue that past, was Chiquita’s past executive team guilty or not guilty of the crime that they plead for.In order for the company to move forward, they would have to take a stance on the issue and clearly state whether they intentionally or forcefully made the payments to the A UC. Strategic Analysis There are a couple of things the company should look at to reroute the stance of their company in a positive direction. With these concepts, the company should be able to form a new plan that will help the CEO know what to do in the decisions he makes for the future of the company. These concepts will be listed below. †¢Mission and vision statement †¢Competitive strategy †¢Corporate strategy †¢Implementation of new policies and management Internal and performance analysis †¢Concise strategic decisions Mission and Vision Statement The company should look into its mission and vision statement so that its audience can know that the company is changing in a positive way. A mission and vision statement’s purpose is to define the company’s purpose, objectives, and value to the audience. It is important for the company to now implement CSR Responsibility, environmental sustainability, and SMART goals. With the implementation of these tactics, Chiquita’s audience will see that they are changing and know that they can earn the company’s trust again.Each goal that the company defines in their new statements should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-based. With SMART goals, Chiquita will be able to easily move forward from their negative image to a more acceptable one. Competitive Strategy Because of their fallen reputation, Chiquita must now look at its stance compared to its competitors to see how they are now going to position themselves. Now that companies have seen them fall, they most certainly have taken advantage of some of Chiquita’s audience who has turned away from the brand.The best thing for Chiquita to do is to look at their models and determine whether they should focus on a Resource Based Model or an I/O Model. I believe Chiquita should focus on the I/O Model so that they can look at their external environment and gain a sustainable competitive advanta ge again. The I/O Model will shape the company and use the five forces to identify the attractiveness of the industry it’s currently in so that it can seek out an advantageous position to take again while reshaping its image. Corporate StrategyChiquita must look at their corporate strategy to analyze their global strategy and multi-business firms. Since Chiquita is a worldwide company, they must look at their globalization drivers. The globalization drivers are listed below. †¢Market driver †¢Cost driver †¢Technology driver †¢Government driver †¢Competition driver. Their main focus would be their market driver and their government driver. In the market drivers, Chiquita will need to analyze its customer needs, global customers and market channels in order to reroute their company’s image.In the government drivers, Chiquita will need to analyze its common marketing regulations, unrestrictive trade and investment policies and compatible technical standards so that their audience will know its stance on the past situations and see that they are doing whatever needed possible to be a reputable company again. Chiquita also has to look at their multi-business firms in its corporate strategy. They must manage their individual businesses to formulate a new business strategy and monitor and control their business performance with the new strategy.They can incorporate portfolio planning models to evaluate their business performance and formulate business strategies to allocate resources properly. With the new analyzing of these concepts, Chiquita will have better coordination, control, and profitability for the firm. Implementation of new policies and management Chiquita must implement new policies for the company as well as a strong management team. The new policies can be formulated in their new business strategy as well as can be incorporated in their new mission and vision statement.They also should implement a new management t eam that is sound and strong with following the new rules and regulations that will be put in place. Chiquita must accept its mistakes and move forward with a new team so that it can make the right decisions for the better of the company. Internal and performance analysis Through this strategic analysis, Chiquita must analyze its internal and performance. The best thing to look at through the internal analysis is the VRIN analysis framework.Even though the company should rely on the I/O Model, they should also look at their resources and capabilities because this is what will give the company its competitive advantage and set it aside from its competitors. Through the VRIN analysis, Chiquita will be able to continually analyze whether it’s producing valuable, rare, inimitable, and nonsubstitutable goods. This will also help give the company a sustainable competitive advantage. The company should also analyze its performance through financial assessment and real actions. Throu gh this, Chiquita will asses a better standing in the marketplace.A better performance will create a stronger stance for the company. Concise strategic decisions With the implementation of the concepts stated above, Chiquita should be able to be a more positive and reputable company. It should be easy for Fernando to implement these strategies and come up with concise decision. Concise strategic decisions will help the company have a stronger background to rely on and make their implementations work strategically. Arguments and Recommendations Above was listed how Fernando should implement various strategies and plans for the company.I will now recommend various decisions for the company in its past dealings with the AUC and how it should move forward from those decisions. I believe the root causes for Chiquita’s actions in Colombia that ultimately let to their conviction was their top management team decision-making biases and their values and ethics. Chiquita’s top m anagement team wasn’t making decisions in unison and you could tell this by the various executives either quitting or retiring. The guilt from the different stances each executive took made them eventually leave the company because they had dug themselves as well as the company into the ground.I also believe the cause for Chiquita to get convicted was their values and ethics. I believe this because in the case, Chiquita tried to change their core values in 1999 to better the company. If they believed in strong values and ethics from the start, they would have never had to revamp their core values. Chiquita should’ve taken charge from the start with their decision making styles and their values and ethics so that they would have never placed themselves in the position to pay the AUC which in turn led to their conviction.With a sound team with sound goals, Chiquita will always prosper internally. I believe Chiquita and its managers did have a choice in the AUC payments. Yes Chiquita was doing business in an unstable political environment but they should have taken a stance and fought for what they thought was right. The actions the manager partook in were not ethical principles and I believe they were looking out more so for themselves than the company as a whole. I believe Chiquita could have came up with a strategy that would have made both the company profitable and satisfy its stakeholders without paying the AUC.If Chiquita felt like it didn’t have a choice, they should have involved the law enforcements well before they started the payments. If they would have done this, they would have never had to worry about the safety of its company or the terrorist groups in Colombia. Other companies that should be worried about Chiquita’s experience are companies that were involved in similar circumstances as Chiquita. In the case, it stated that Chiquita was the first company to get convicted for paying terrorist groups.If similar companie s were doing the same, they should cease the payments and learn from Chiquita’s mistakes because it stated that the law was cracking down and getting harder on this crime. Companies that are doing business in lesser developed economies should keep the employees’ safety at heart but at the same time do business in ethical ways. The factors of the political and economic environment should also be in concern when doing business in these lesser developed economies so that they will make sound business decisions.This story changes my perspective about doing business abroad because it shows me that just because you have a competitive advantage and resources to make millions doesn’t mean you have a safe environment to run your business in. It helps me understand that there is more to business than making money and that you have to have all of your business standards and strategies in place to successfully operate a company abroad. The current CEO can implement the stra tegies I listed above in my strategic analysis to restore Chiquita’s reputation and ensure future competitiveness.With the implementation of these strategies, Fernando can lead the company in the right direction and provide a stronger stance for the company. The main thing for the company to do is to revamp its mission and vision statement because this is the most important start for the company. After that, it will help formulate the company’s competitive and corporate strategies that it must restructure. In these they will implement new policies and analyze their internal performance for the company. In the end, Chiquita should come up with concise strategic decision so that it can make the right plan for its company.

How Shakespeare presents Iago as an evil villain Essays

How Shakespeare presents Iago as an evil villain Essays How Shakespeare presents Iago as an evil villain Paper How Shakespeare presents Iago as an evil villain Paper Shakespeares villain Iago, within the play Othello is created as one of the most malicious, devilish characters within his works; possibly the worst as his machinations exceed those of many other Shakespearean villains. Iago appears to have very little reason to perform his notoriously villainous acts. His motive and reasoning is his joy of destruction, which seems to magnify into a passion by the final climatic scenes. Destruction is Iagos goal as well as sport. The motives behind his aim for destruction are too petty and minute to be able to make any justification in his attempts to destroy the lives of everyone around him. It is his lack of significant motive that forms him into the true devil. Iago is the evil force behind the plot, leading Othello into a tragic chain of disaster resulting in the murder of his own innocent wife. For all companionship that Iago offers his nai ve fellow characters, he intentionally defies their trust. William Robertson Turnbull, the critic, describes, Iago is an unbeliever in, and denier of, all things spiritual, who only acknowledges God, like Satan, to defy him. There are many levels within the play in which Iago is referred to as The Devil, therefore, the play is heavy in hellish and satanic imagery, particularly in the final scene. Shakespeare creates a successful villain who manipulates both audience and characters, seemingly narrating the events as if the story was his own. Iago tampers with the events and evidence, effectively playing the hand of God to create the intellectual masterpiece of his intrigue. As Leavis argues, It was the external evil, the malice of the demi-devil that turned a happy story about romantic love into a tragedy. It is debatable whether the play should have been titled after Iagos name rather than the hero that Shakespeare creates in Othello. It is illogical to argue that the outcome was fatalistic as Iagos plotting is so clear and blatant within his asides and monologues that the unfolding events rely on his actions and intellect to generate the outcome. Iago cleverly manipulates events throughout the entire play, until the end when the villainous character gets his comeuppance and is found out. He is put into a living hell, suggesting the idea that a punishment must fit the crime- the end of his speech will end all manipulation. Shakespearean audiences demanded morals and values to be displayed and therefore a punishment had to be undertaken by the playwright. The play ends on a damned Iago who will never speak again, entrapping himself into his hell, unable to manipulate with words again. This final scene is where the audience can truly see the villain as the devil; Iago has sealed his own fate. Iagos evil attributes are intensified as the play progresses as the audience are shown ruthlessness and revenge; he will not let anything disrupt his path to success. His motives are entirely self-orientated, it is clear that Iago does not have any compassion for any character, not even his own wife who he murders in the final scene as a last attempt to avoid discovery. Fie! Your sword upon a woman? This is a pivotal point within the final scene where the villainous demi-devil becomes apparent to the other characters on the stage. The audience is informed at the start of the play that he does in fact, hate the moor and this is reiterated frequently within the play. From Roderigo all he wants is his money; put money is thy purse is repeated eight times in one conversation with this particular victim, cleverly used to apparently persuade him to refrain from committing suicide. He tells Roderigo to avoid being a slave to morality and live for himself and act upon his own will, this highlights the distinct difference between Iagos actions and the actions of the other characters within the play, distinguishing a factor separating good from evil. Iago supposedly has the answers to everyones problems; he presents himself as an advisor, disguising his true intentions and creating a trustee and confidant for the other characters. While their lives fall apart around them, Iago immediately arrives on the scene to give a word of advice, which is why so many times he is referred to as Honest Iago. He toys with their emotions, changes their priorities to fit his own and works his black magic on them all. He lulls them into a false sense of hope and security that everything will be alright, even though it is clear to the audience that there is sinister meaning in it. Not only does he not care for their situations, but he in fact put them there and in addition he will immediately use their misfortune to his advantage, Thus I do ever make my fool my purse he says quite fittingly. He has tamed the situation so that every way meets his advantage, Whether he kill Cassio, or Cassio him, or each do kill the other, everyway makes my gain. Shakespeare uses Iagos asides to demonstrate his scheming and plotting. Iagos plans derive from an intense intellect and ability to manipulate a situation. In Act 2 Scene 3 Iago explores his own presentation as the devil. Not only does he describe how he will pour this pestilence into his ear, relating his words to venom dripping into the ears of his victims. He also describes his actions as, When devils will the blackest sin put on, They do suggest at first with heavenly shows. He suggests that he himself is the devil, performing his cunning and masterful scheme behind the mask of heavenly shows. He seems to relish in his manifesting ideas and evil intentions, pleasure and action make the hours seem short. Iago can be compared to a pantomime villain as the omniscient audience watch him twist the outcome, reveal his malicious intentions directly within his soliloquies and relish in an opportunity to accommodate other peoples actions to benefit his own fate, it almost feels appropriate to heckle Iago as he enters the stage. Shakespearean audiences would most likely have done so because his presentation as an evil character is so incontestable. Iago can be seen therefore as the epitome of evil; Shakespeare creates him as a liar, a murderer, selfish, lustful avenger and intellectual puppeteer. His captivation over the other characters ensures that he shall not be found out. Unfortunately before Roderigo, apparently the wisest of the characters by the end, is killed by his hand before he can deliver the truth, Here is a letter found in the pocket of the slain Roderigo Roderigo meant t have sent this damned villain. It could be interpreted however that Iago is not as evil as he is portrayed. Iago has the intelligence to sculpt the outcome as he wishes, seizing all opportunity he can to do so. Othello appears to be in contrast, a highly unintelligent character, ridden with jealousy and gullibility. Othello is a fool to base all his evidence on the ocular proof of the handkerchief. The word in itself mocks him as he obsesses over it. His quick judgments to blame his wife who previously he loved so intensely shows his stupidity and fickleness. Iago may not be such a villain, and perhaps more of a man seeking revenge on the one who he thinks to have slept with his wife, I hate the Moor, and it is thought that twixt my sheets, hes done my office. Just as Othello seeks revenge on his own wife for the same reason, and yet Othello is entitled as the tragic hero. Iago is a murderer, however we cannot overlook the fact that so is Othello. Iago kills only his wife and Roderigo. All other killings were not by his own hand, but through the hand of others. Othello, the supposed hero of the play, also kills his own wife, without any concrete proof, only with Iagos suggestions that he often claims could be uncleanly apprehensions. The initial suggestion of Desdemonas infidelity is almost forced out of him. Iago kills Emilia as she betrays him as a wife; Othello was not forced to kill Desdemona by Iago. It is true that Iago does play a part in Othellos motive but Othello ultimately does have his own mind, although obviously his will power is not as strong as the average hero. However it is the lack of conscience and morals that Shakespeare highlights in Iago through murder, deception and robbery that distinguishes Othello as the hero, and Iago as the villain. Desdemonas murder occurs over 126 lines of Act 5 Scene 2. Othello justifies his reasons with his wife and the audience can view the tragedy through Othellos own emotional breakdown within this scene as he tries to come to terms with the justice that Iago has created for the reasoning behind killing Desdemona. In contrast, the murders undertaken by the hand of Iago are merciless, spontaneous and without moral reasoning or emotional effect on Iago. Like many other villains, Iago carries a strong, witty personality which makes some people identify with him as a character more strongly than with the hero. Every other character within the play could be viewed as insipid, feeble characters, without a real presence and likeability. It could be the lack of other strong characters that emphasises the opposing villainy in Iago. Iago in essence is just the brightest of the bunch, who mocks all others ignorance. As Iago dominates the majority of the play, using soliloquies and entering all but one scene, effectively taking the role of protagonist, he gives the audience an insight to his future machinations, thus making the audience omniscient and could therefore become more involved with his evil plans. The play Othello reflects the turn of a noble man into a monster through the temptations and machinations of the devil. Iago seems to have such a hold over his victim that Othello seems almost mindless or hypnotised. Shakespeare presents Iago as his villain with a cunning wit and the immense ability to manipulate any situation or person, thus ensnared my body and soul, as Othello describes. Iago seizes Othello and uses him as his puppet and tool for the composition of his plan. Iago acts as the inner voice, the tempting of the devil, towards his puppets, yet he remains discreet to make them his fools. Oh the more angel she and you the blacker devil Emilia addresses her husband at the end of the play, highlighting the roles in which her husband plays in contrast to her mistress. Emilia knows that Iago is the cause and reveals the inner evil within her husband and does not hold back to display it. She does not attempt to save any of his dignity despite the role as his wife and a subservient woman, which contrasts to Desdemonas forgiveness of his sins previously. The final scene is where the animal imagery is cut and the imagery of hellish pits and demons take over, creating a diabolical ending where the devil is trapped within a living hell and the heavenly characters are spared in death. Shakespeare uses strong imagery of hell, roast me in sulphur, wash me in steep-down gulfs of liquid fire to emphasise the transition from a man with cruel intentions and intellectual plotting to a pure demonic character, overtaken with sin and murderous intent. Shakespeare does not allow Othello to kill Iago as proof. Othello says, if thou best a devil, I cannot kill thee. The final image upon the stage separates the good from the evil, as the three lay on the bed in tranquil death, and Iago watches them from a forcedly silent sideline, in his own personal hell. Shakespeare does not spare the characters representing heaven and goodness in life because if he did so, the true devil within Iago could not break out and be recognised, therefore there would be no tragedy. Shakespeare takes his character to the next level of villainy, comparing Iago with the ultimate evil: The Devil. Iago is an anti-hero, working alongside those who he is conspiring against. He has a complete lack of morals, which never seem to have been present, even at the outset he is presented as a thief. This absence of conscience creates the frequent associations with the Devil. Shakespeares thick use of satanic imagery reinforces the extent of his villainy.

How Do You Calculate ACT Score Raw and Scaled

How Do You Calculate ACT Score Raw and Scaled SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The ACT is scored on a scale of 36. How do you end up with a composite score from 0-36 when you answer a lot more than 36 questions? In this article, I'll walk you through the three steps to calculate your ACT composite score: Calculate section raw scores Convert raw scores to scaled scores Average section scores to determine composite First, Calculate Your Raw Scores for Each Section To calculate the raw score, you simply need the number of questions answered correctly and the number of questions answered incorrectly. You get 1 point for each question answered correctly. You receive 0 points for each question answered incorrectly or each question that you skipped. The highest possible raw score for each section depends on the total number of questions asked.Unlike the SAT, the ACT does not penalize you for wrong answers. For example, in the Reading sections, there are always 4 passages with a total of 40 multiple-choice questions, so the highest possible raw score is 40.If you got all 40 questions right, your raw score would be 40.If you got 19 questions wrong and 21 questions right, your raw score would be 21.In the Math sections, there are 60 multiple-choice questions, so the highest possible raw score is 60.In English, there are 75 multiple-choice questions, so the highest possible raw score is 75. In Science, there are 40multiple-choice questions, so thehighest possible raw score is40. For Writing, you write one essay, which is graded on a scale of 1-36.Your ACT Essay score does not count towards your composite ACT score, so I will not be talking about it further in this article.If you want more information, then read ACT Writing Rubric: Full Analysis and Essay Strategies. Then, Convert Your Raw Scores to Scaled Scores Your section raw scores are converted into scaled scores (on the 0 to 36 scale for each section) using a table.This table changes for every ACT test date. The reason the table changes is to ensure each test is â€Å"standardized.† The table is used to equate â€Å"easier† ACT tests to the â€Å"harder† ACT tests.For this reason, on one test date,if you get a raw score of 39 in Science (by answering one question incorrectly or skipping one question), your scaled score in Science may drop to a 34.However, on another day, the conversion from raw to scaled score may be more lenient, and a raw score of 39 in Science may be a perfect 36 scaled Science score. You will not know what the raw to scaled score conversion will be in advance.While the exact raw to scaled score conversion will vary by testing date, the ACT shared the below table in the Preparing for the ACT guide as an example: Scale Score English Math Reading Science Scale Score 36 75 60 40 40 36 35 72-74 58-59 39 39 35 34 71 57 38 38 34 33 70 55-56 37 37 33 32 68-69 54 35-36 - 32 31 67 52-53 34 36 31 30 66 50-51 33 35 30 29 65 48-49 32 34 29 28 63-64 45-47 31 33 28 27 62 43-44 30 32 27 26 60-61 40-42 29 30-31 26 25 58-59 38-39 28 28-29 25 24 56-57 36-37 27 26-27 24 23 53-55 34-35 25-26 24-25 23 22 51-52 32-33 24 22-23 22 21 48-50 30-31 22-23 21 21 20 45-47 29 21 19-20 20 19 43-44 27-28 19-20 17-18 19 18 41-42 24-26 18 16 18 17 39-40 21-23 17 14-15 17 16 36-38 17-20 15-16 13 16 15 32-35 13-16 14 12 15 14 29-31 -12 12-13 14 13 27-28 8-10 10 13 12 25-26 7 9-10 9 12 23-24 5-6 8 8 10 20-22 4 6-7 7 10 9 18-19 - - 5-6 9 8 15-17 3 5 - 8 7 12-14 - 4 4 7 6 10- 2 3 3 6 5 8-9 - - 2 5 4 6-7 1 2 - 4 3 4-5 - - 1 3 2 2-3 - 1 - 2 1 0-1 0 0 0 1 Again, however, remember that the exact conversion varies by test date. Finally, Take the Scaled Scores for Each Section and Average Them to Get Your ACT Composite Score Once you have your scaled scores for the individual sections, you just add them together and divide by 4 to get your overall SAT composite score.For example, if you scored a 33 in Math, 35 in Critical Reading, 31 in English, and 30 in Science, your composite score would simply be (33+35+31+30)/4=32.25, which rounds to 32. NOTE: Currently, the English score (NOT the English/Language Arts score) is used to calculate your composite ACT score. What This Means for You Once you figure out what your target raw ACT scoreshould be, you can use that numberto determine your ACT test strategy.You can use your target raw score to figure out how many questions you can skip or answer incorrectly. If you are struggling to finish each section on time, consider spending more time on other questions and bubbling in random letters for the questions you couldn't answer. Always try to bubble in an answer for every question since there is no penalty for guessing! What’s Next? Need help raising yourACT score? Check out guides to the ACT Reading, Math, English, and Science sections.Taking the ACT very soon? Read our guide to cramming for the test. Not sure where you want to go to college? Check out our guide to finding your target school.Also, figure out yourtarget ACT score. Thinking about getting a job while in high school? Check out our guide to the 8 best jobs for teensand learn how to find yours! Disappointed with your ACT scores? Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Dora Seigel About the Author As an SAT/ACT tutor, Dora has guided many students to test prep success. She loves watching students succeed and is committed to helping you get there. Dora received a full-tuition merit based scholarship to University of Southern California. She graduated magna cum laude and scored in the 99th percentile on the ACT. She is also passionate about acting, writing, and photography. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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